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There be的句子结构

There be是一个“存在”句型，表示“有”的意思，

肯定句的形式为：There be+名词（单数或复数）+地点状语或时间状语。

be动词单复数的确定，看be后边第一个名词，当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时，be动词形式为is；当所接主语为复数名词时，be动词为are；当be动词后接两个以上主语时，be动词与比较临近主语保持数上的一致。意思为“某地有某人或某物”。如：

There is an eraser and two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一块橡皮和两支钢笔。

There are two pens and an eraser on the desk. 桌上有两支钢笔和一块橡皮。

（1）there be的否定句，即在be的后面加上not。

否定形式为：There be+not+（any）+名词+地点状语。

There is not any cat in the room. 房间里没猫。

There aren't any books on the desk. 桌子上没书。

（2）there be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首：Be there+（any）+名词+地点状语.

肯定回答：Yes, there is/are. 否定回答：No, there isn't/aren't.

-Is there a dog in the picture?画上有一只狗吗

-Yes, there is. 有。

-Are there any boats in the river?河里有船吗

-No, there aren't. 没有。

（3）特殊疑问句：How many...are there（+地点状语）

某地有多少人或物回答用There be...

There's one. / There are two/three/some...

有时直接就用数字来回答。One./Two...

-How many students are there in the classroom?教室里有多少学生。

-There's only one. / There are nine. 只有一个。/有九个。

（4）如果名词是不可数名词，用：How much+不可数名词+is there+地点状语.

How much water is there in the cup?杯中有多少水.

动词不定式

(1)作主语

To learn a foreign language is not easy.

It is not easy to learn a foreign language.

(2)作宾语

They began to read.

(3)作宾语补足语

Jim asked me to help him with his lessons.

We often heard her sing.

(4)作定语

I have an important meeting to attend.

(5)作状语

She went to see her grandma yesterday.

(6)用在how, when, where, what, which等之后

I don’t know how to use a computer.

Do you know when to start?

He didn’t know what to do next.

简单句的五种基本句型

第一种：主语+连系动词+表语(S+V+P)

The bike is new.

The map is on the wall.

第二种：主语+不及物动词(S+V)

He swims.

第三种：主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+O)

Children often sing this song.

第四种：主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO)

She showed her friends all her pictures.

第五种：主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+C)

We keep our classroom clean and tidy.

宾语从句的简化

1.【考查点】当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是hope, wish, decide等时，从句可简化为不定式结构。

如：I hope that I can see you again.＝I hope to see you again.我希望能再次见到你。

2.【考查点】当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是know, remember, forget, learn等时，句可简化为“疑问词＋不定式”结构。

如：I don’t know what I should say.＝I don’t know what to say.我不知道该说什么。

3.【考查点】当主句的谓语动词是ask, tell, show, teach等，且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语一致时，从句可简化为不定式结构或“疑问词＋不定式”结构。

如：Mr Hu tells us that we shouldn’t draw on the wall.＝Mr Hu tells us not to draw on the wall.

胡老师告诉我们不应该在墙上画画。

Will you please tell me where I can buy stamps？＝Will you please tell me where to buy stamps？

请告诉我在哪儿能买到邮票.